Agricultural Productivity gains by genius building, eco-friendly tillage as good as Extension Education Reforms

By PROF. GHULAM MOHY-UD-DIN WANI.

 DIRECTOR EXTENSION EDUCATION AND DIRECTOR SAMETI,SKUAST-K,SHALIMAR POST GPO 461 SRINAGAR-KASHMIR. Home page.www.profgmwani.page.tl. Email ghulamwani1949@gmail.com wanimohyuddun@yahoo.com Phones 09419095342 09419409546

ABSTRACT

Agricultural Production has entered brand brand brand brand brand brand brand brand brand new epoch of competitive-low-cost globally oriented enterprise. The cost-benefit comparative measure confirm a mode of Farming. Global selling needs a small changes during bottom level. Farmers have to be price unwavering as good as need brand brand brand brand brand brand brand brand brand new strategies of blending assorted tillage choice similar to Agriculture, Horticulture, Livestock cultivation as good as Floriculture activities. A brand brand brand brand brand brand brand brand brand new indication for incorporating all these fields in an eco-friendly mode is discussed. Appropriate churned record in balance with healthy resources indispensable during a impulse in India.. An farming goal for fit Resource supervision should target during bridging opening in in in between stream plantation produce as good as intensity Farm yield. Use of bio-technology as good as bio-informatics for marker of economically viable gathering options as good as combinations can not be ruled out ,however dirt as good as environmental refuge contingency be kept in thoughts whilst regulating biotech tillage options. We should speak of Eco-conducive-germplasm-base instead of tall prolific – germplasm, un-competable to a healthy resources. All these as good as alternative aspects of destiny farming unfolding in India is discussed in these pages. India with 1.09 billion people as good as 60% of them contingent upon cultivation can not be intended with USA who has merely339 million people as good as usually 0.7 of them contingent or agriculture. Therefore a past direction of aping USA OR EU models of farming enlargement won’t help. We have to innovate brand brand brand brand brand brand brand brand brand new ways as good as equates to gainful to a agrarian conditions as good as accessible apparatus to enlarge a food prolongation for flourishing race in future. Some of a strange thoughts of a writer published as e-papers have been reproduced here to indicate brand brand brand brand brand brand brand brand brand new innovative models.  

          a) Change of thoughts set We will need a change in a resource of record distribution to illustrate a revision indication for prolongation credentials in India is due in these pages. More than 50% of a putting in service farmers have been women who have been not unprotected to record brand brand brand brand brand brand brand brand brand new or old, to illustrate a complement of their genius office office building as good as ability up-gradation shall be focused Agricultural as good as associated technologies tested as good as accessible in India have been a replications of blurb tillage ventures of a west. you would brave to censure a process planners for this exposed state de-affairs. They avowed containing alkali tillage when you were universe leaders of organics In a past century when total universe faced a sick goods of containing alkali tillage you have been bustling in advocating a lost options that luckily have been still existent in low as good as uncommunicable pockects of a nation called back pockects. Our investigate need a change from particular stand or commodity tillage investigate to churned tillage approaches .My mohy indication of 1992 is being quoted withmohy indication of 1992 is being quoted with out anxiety utterly mostly by those whose nothing of innovative ideas is obliged for a poor policies.

                b).Unfinished bulletin needs,aims as good as goals

 Needs

       1 . Appropriate churned record in balance with healthy resources.

       2. An farming goal for fit Resource management, bridging opening in in in between stream plantation produce as good as intensity Farm yield.

      3. Use of bio-technology as good as bio-informatics for marker of economically viable gathering options as good as combinations.

       Emphasis

      We should speak of Eco-conducive-germplasm-base instead of tall prolific – germplasm, un-competable with a healthy resources. Economic Farming that equates to price in effect make make make make make make make make make use of of of of of of of of of of Soil Water resources No air/water pollution

 c). NUTRIENT RECYCLING SYSTEM OPTIONS

      The containing alkali fertilizers have been to be transposed by make make make make make make make make make use of of of of of of of of of of farming rubbish materials, Plant residues, nautical weeds, left out materials, post collect wastes, immature manure, stormy deteriorate over grown vegetation, or abounding vegetation, immature weeds, city drains, tellurian excreta, animal manure, timberland wastes, cultivation left out substances, bio-mass, bio-fertilizers, case wastes & even seagul beats etc. Nutrient cycling complement has to be developed initial by analysing dirt standing of any agro-climatic section . The integrated nutritious supervision system, has to be evolved. A new, refined, Govt-agri process is needed. New Institutional await system, glorious selling networks have been to be proposed. For fit land make make make make make make make make make use of of of of of of of of of you contingency marry normal believe with softened technology, farmers precision as good as essential finish products. We should advocate: a). Use of report record to enlarge increase from altogether farming; cropping, animal aquaculture etc. b) Analysis of accessible interpretation upon processing, prolongation as good as a support for make make make make make make make make make use of of of of of of of of of in plan preparation, process plan is a elementary necessity.

              A brand brand brand brand brand brand brand brand brand new supportive laboratory trickery is envisioned for submit as good as outlay peculiarity assessment. c) Agriculture of currently does not meant some-more prolongation during sourroundings price though fit as good as mercantile prolongation with Environmental safeguards. INTRODUCTION Our 65% practice bottom is cultivation & a associated sectors similar to stock We. Need in destiny : ? Food as good as sourroundings confidence ? Employment era by agrobased industry. ? Economic , offset as good as sterilizing food with strange taste. as good as flavours. We have been in a proviso of informative as good as mercantile transit. This mutation Process brings, New provision options, New prolongation & function complement Changed hold up styles & informative habits

            I do not know how most of us know about USDA’s inhabitant Arboretum of Washington DC A 444 hactare nursery right away has forsaken insecticide make make make make make make make make make use of of of of of of of of of by 75% during 1992-96. They call it brand brand brand brand brand brand brand brand brand new land range harassment Management (NL PM). It was elementary mark spraying i.e mist right where it is needed, i.e upon infirm stem or bend or plant as good as usually if it is needed. This change from sweeping spraying to comparison sprays saved 75% of insecticide cost; alternative saving was by marked down work price as good as eco-risk factors.

             We need protected equipments as good as work illness monitoring as good as investigate of data. Another area that needs courtesy is make make make make make make make make make use of of of of of of of of of of reduction poisonous pesticides. We call them bio-rational pesticides. They revoke price by 12-32% as good as include of Horticulture oils insecticidal soaps, insect enlargement regulators as good as predators.

        We speak of trainings for Information analysis, monitoring disaster, Management of floods droughts. Use of remote intuiting as good as Global positioning complement is needed. We in building countries in destiny will have Industrial expansion, as good as some-more mercantile security..This will meant reduction people being captivated to cultivation or in alternative difference cultivation apropos reduction renumerative. We need softened varieties, their fast propagation by biotechnological use. We might have small options not to make make make make make make make make make use of of of of of of of of of biotech cultivation or mend fences in in in between traditional, discretionary as good as complicated biotechniques.

          This is where you speak right away of molecular farming, regulating biotechnology for some-more transgenic crops . animals, aquaculture and, blurb floriculture. New issues in farming as good as alternative sciences in India are:

          1. Develop interpretation bottom for obvious formulations

          2. We need deputy of tip down formulation with sum base planning.

          3 More farmer’s participation  with marked down risks .

        4 Research in past, centered upon softened seeds, irrigation, containing alkali use. We witnessed immature revolution, leisure from hunger, though spoiled environment. you have to demeanour for swap options for a execution of research.

        5. Extension credentials ,dissemination of report to rancher has to be a initial regard of a open as good as in isolation establishments as good as planners. Birds eye viewers have to be transposed with idealist professors as good as professionals.

       6. Farmer. tillage as good as plantation commercial operation shall be a First ranking systematic persuit investing during slightest an homogeneous volume upon it as is outlay upon illness or chief establishments,.

                  Our process should be Independent as good as self unwavering farmers, with annals of annual balances, gains as good as losses, risks as good as benefits.

     BOTTOM LINE CHALLENGE

          Bring self- reliant unapproachable rancher lerned & good capable in Agri-business

   Farmers need recognition on    

       Farming concepts as good as general zoo-phytosanitation recommendations as good as regulations.

      We need to stop WTO restrictions or options compartment a tillage as good as farmers have been not utterly believe driven as good as economically quick to face a tellurian tillage competitions.

 PARADIGMS OF AGRI-EXTENSION. IN INDIA.

 Four paradigms of Agricultural prolongation consists of Technology transfer, prevalent given colonial times & after National Agriculture Extension Project (NAEP), reshaped in 1970-80 as Training as good as revisit complement opposite Asia. It concerned tip down approach. Its purpose needs discussion. The second model called as Advisory work is what is benefaction complement of extension, where, supervision agencies, NGO as good as technical industries reply to farmers enquiries that you call advisory role. The third model consists of Human Resource Development. This creation helped Europe as good as North America. The Universities gave precision to farming youth. It is these educated, trained

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